Special Methods collection on DNA helicases

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DNA Helicases

DNA helicases are proteins that use the energy of NTP hydrolysis to processively denature duplex DNA.' As such, helicases can be considered similar to other mechanochemical motors that can catalyze directional movement along a polymeric lattice (e.g., microtubule-based motors as kinesin). Acting during DNA replication, helicases convert the duplex DNA to single strands and thereby activate the ...

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Dna Helicases

In all organisms, genetic information is locked within a double helix formed by the two antiparallel deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) strands. Although double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) is suitable for secure information storage, hydrogen bonds formed between complementary bases impair readout of this information by the cellular machineries that frequently require single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) as the templa...

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Unraveling DNA helicases

DNA helicases are molecular motor enzymes that use the energy of NTP hydrolysis to separate transiently energetically stable duplex DNA into single strands. They are therefore essential in nearly all DNA metabolic transactions. They act as essential molecular tools for the cellular machinery. Since the discovery of the first DNA helicase in Escherichia coli in 1976, several have been isolated f...

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DNA Helicases and Human Disease

HELICASES ARE MOTOR PROTEINS THAT UTILIZE THE ENERGY DERIVED from the hydrolysis of nucleoside triphosphates (NTP/dNTP) to disrupt hydrogen-bond interactions in doubleor multi-stranded DNA and RNA. All known helicases are recognized to have at least two intrinsic enzymatic activities: (1) NTP/dNTP-dependent nucleic acid unwinding and (2) DNA/RNA-dependent NTP/dNTP hydrolysis. Unwinding of DNA a...

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DNA helicases in inherited human disorders.

Six known or predicted helicases that are mutated in human syndromes are now recognized. These syndromes include xeroderma pigmentosum, Cockayne's syndrome, trichothiodystrophy, Bloom's syndrome, Werner's syndrome, and alpha-thalassemia mental retardation on the X chromosome. The clinical abnormalities in these syndromes cover a broad spectrum, pointing to different cellular processes of DNA ma...

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ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: Methods

سال: 2016

ISSN: 1046-2023

DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2016.08.009